THE NEW HIGH EDUCATION AND THE MAINTENANCE OF CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITIES
KEYWORDS: Capitalism; Neoliberalism; Social differences; New High School.This master's project aims to present elements for understanding the High School Reform (Law 13,415/2017) from a Marxist perspective, based on the method of analysis of dialectical historical materialism, with a view to identifying the education project implemented with the New Secondary Education (NEM) as an update of the mechanisms of exploitation and oppression of the ruling class against the working class. We will present a mapping of criticisms of the New High School with a focus on the potential worsening of social inequalities between rich and poor students due to the reorganization of subjects and curriculum content, training itineraries and professionalization. We will establish a section of Brazil's historical context in the last decade to highlight the political-economic phenomena that leveraged this reform into an agenda of bourgeois offensives against the rights conquered by the Brazilian working class. With a commitment to defending public education and claiming the social function of the school and its transformative potential, we rescue the debates about the capitalist system, neoliberalism and education. We will take as a theoretical reference the concepts of counter-reformation (GRAMSCI, 1999), neoliberalism (HARVEY, 2014) and (LAVALS, 2016); categories of dependence and dependent capitalism (FERNANDES, 1981) and superexploitation (MARINI, 1973) within the analysis of the Marxist Theory of Dependence (SANTOS, 1973); and to understand the critique of education and the formation of neoliberalism (LAVAL, 2019). Finally, we will try to describe a truly reformist educational perspective, which contributes to the debate about an education project that aims to offer a less unequal future to workers.