Federal Law No. 10.639/2003 and its Guidelines in the Municipal Education Network of Rio de Janeiro.
Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations, Federal Law n.10.639/2003, Basic Education.
On January 9, 2003, Federal Law No. 10,639 was enacted. This legal system, the result of historical struggles of the Black Movement, especially in the last century, made the teaching of Afro-Brazilian History and Culture mandatory in public and private institutions of elementary and secondary education within the scope of the entire school curriculum. The law is characterized as an Affirmative Action Policy that seeks to combat the social inequalities imposed on the black population over time and, simultaneously, contribute to the repositioning of blacks and racial relations in the world of education (Santos, 2007). In view of this, the research intends to provide answers to the following problem: Has Federal Law No. 10.639/2003 been implemented in the Municipal Education Network of Rio de Janeiro as required by the National Plan for the Implementation of the National Curriculum Guidelines for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations and for the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African History and Culture? In addition, the following study questions were formulated to help answer the problem pointed out: How did the demands placed by the Brazilian Black Movement in the field of Education, throughout the twentieth century, contribute to the implementation of Federal Law No. 10.639/2003 and its guidelines? What do contemporary research tell us about the implementation of Federal Law No. 10.639/2003 as a public policy in Basic Education? What are the possibilities of action on the teaching and learning processes based on Federal Law No. 10,639/2003 and its guidelines? Do the materials and training of the Municipal Education Network of Rio de Janeiro, made available to teachers and students, contemplate the requirements provided for in the legal documents that address the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations? For the construction of the thesis, qualitative research was chosen, which, according to Bodgan and Bilken (1982), is based on obtaining descriptive data from the researcher's contact with the object of study, where the investigation process gains more emphasis than the final product. In the methodological part, I collected data in the field through six semi-structured interviews conducted with employees of the Municipal Department of Education of Rio de Janeiro to capture their conceptions about the application of Federal Law n. 10.639/2003 in the municipal school network. The interviewees' statements were analyzed based on some elements of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (Iñiguez, 2004) and the reflections of some authors of Cultural Studies and the Neo-Marxist current.